Cause and Effect

Using the concept of "Cause and Effect" can be a very useful strategy for teaching. A Cause & Effect Graphic Organizer can be used on a consistent basis as a thinking map to help students organize information. Below is an example of a simple Cause & Effect Chart:


cause1.gif

A Cause and Effect chart can be filled out with words and/or pictures depending on students' abilities or lesson objectives. Students can be creative with this as seen in the example below:

cause2.png
Defining "Cause and Effect:"


  • A Cause is something that makes something else happen
  • An Effect is what happens as a result of a cause

Examples:


  • The girl pulled the cat's tail (Cause) and the cat growled (Effect)
  • The boy studied hard for his test (Cause) and he received a good grade (Effect)

Sometimes, connecting words should be used to help illustrate the Cause and Effect idea:


  • because
  • so
  • therefore
  • then
  • since
  • as a result

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Cause and Effect should be taught explicitly before being used in the classroom. However, it is a good tool for building reading comprehension, especially for EL students. This is because few words are needed. The entire Cause & Effect relationship can be understood with pictures only, if necessary.

Literature Link: Use "If You Give a Mouse a Cookie" to teach or reinforce Cause & Effect. The entire story is based on causes and effects!